全面解析Oracle Procedure 基本语法

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名字 
( 
 参数1 IN NUMBER, 
 参数2 IN NUMBER 
) IS 
变量1 INTEGER :=0; 
变量2 DATE; 
BEGIN 

 BEGIN 
 SELECT col1,col2 into 变量1,变量2 FROM typestruct where xxx; 
 EXCEPTION 
 WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN 
 xxxx; 
 END; 
 ... 

 IF V_TEST=1 THEN 
 BEGIN 
 do something 
 END; 
 END IF;

WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP 
 BEGIN 
XXXX 
 END; 
 END LOOP;

 ... 
 IS 
 CURSOR cur IS SELECT  FROM xxx; 
 BEGIN 
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP 
 BEGIN 
 V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2 
 END; 
END LOOP; 
 END;

 CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID; 
 OPEN C_USER(变量值); 
 LOOP 
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME; 
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND; 
 do something 
 END LOOP; 
 CLOSE C_USER;

create or replace procedure 存储过程名（param1 in type，param2 out type）

Begin 
 Select count() into 变量1 from 表A where列名=param1； 
 If (判断条件) then 
 Select 列名 into 变量2 from 表A where列名=param1； 
 Dbms_output。Put_line(‘打印信息'); 
 Elsif (判断条件) then 
 Dbms_output。Put_line(‘打印信息'); 
 Else 
 Raise 异常名（NO_DATA_FOUND）; 
 End if; 
Exception 
 When others then 
 Rollback; 
End;

ACCESS_INTO_NULL   未定义对象 
CASE_NOT_FOUND   CASE 中若未包含相应的 WHEN ，并且没有设置 
ELSE 时 
COLLECTION_IS_NULL  集合元素未初始化 
CURSER_ALREADY_OPEN  游标已经打开 
DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX   唯一索引对应的列上有重复的值 
INVALID_CURSOR   在不合法的游标上进行操作 
INVALID_NUMBER   内嵌的 SQL 语句不能将字符转换为数字 
NO_DATA_FOUND   使用 select into 未返回行，或应用索引表未初始化的 
TOO_MANY_ROWS   执行 select into 时，结果集超过一行 
ZERO_DIVIDE    除数为 0 
SUBSCRIPT_BEYOND_COUNT 元素下标超过嵌套表或 VARRAY 的最大值 
SUBSCRIPT_OUTSIDE_LIMIT 使用嵌套表或 VARRAY 时，将下标指定为负数 
VALUE_ERROR    赋值时，变量长度不足以容纳实际数据 
LOGIN_DENIED    PL/SQL 应用程序连接到 oracle 数据库时，提供了不 
正确的用户名或密码 
NOT_LOGGED_ON   PL/SQL 应用程序在没有连接 oralce 数据库的情况下 
访问数据 
PROGRAM_ERROR   PL/SQL 内部问题，可能需要重装数据字典＆ pl./SQL 
系统包 
ROWTYPE_MISMATCH  宿主游标变量与 PL/SQL 游标变量的返回类型不兼容 
SELF_IS_NULL    使用对象类型时，在 null 对象上调用对象方法 
STORAGE_ERROR   运行 PL/SQL 时，超出内存空间 
SYS_INVALID_ID    无效的 ROWID 字符串 
TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE  Oracle 在等待资源时超时

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name[(parameter_list)]{IS|AS}[local_declarations]BEGINexecutable_statements[EXCEPTIONexception_handlers]END [procedure_name];

create or replace procedure find_emp(emp_no in number:=7900)asempname varchar2(20);beginselect ename into empname from emp where empno=emp_no;dbms_output.put_line('雇员姓名是 '||empname);exceptionwhen no_data_found thendbms_output.put_line('雇员编号未找到');end find_emp;

EXECUTE procudure_name(parameters_list);

create or replace procedure test(value1 varchar2,value2 out number) is identity number; begin select sal into identity from emp where empno=value1; if identity<2000 then value2:=1000; else value2:=500; end if; end;

declare value2 number; begin test('7900',value2); dbms_output.put_line(value2); end;

create or replace procedure swap(p1 in out number,p2 in out number) is v_temp number; begin v_temp:=p1; p1:=p2; p2:=v_temp; end;

declare num1 number:=100; num2 number:=200; begin swap(num1,num2); dbms_output.put_line('num1= '||num1); dbms_output.put_line('num2= '||num2); end;

GRANT EXECUTE ON find_emp TO scott; GRANT EXECUTE ON swap TO PUBLIC; 

DROP PROCEDURE procudure_name;

CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION function_name [(parameter_list)] RETURN datatype {IS|AS} [local_declarations] BEGIN executable_statements [EXCEPTION exception_handlers] END [function_name]; 

create or replace function fun_hello return varchar2 is begin return '朋友，您好'; end; 

select fun_hello from dual;

DROP FUNCTION function_name

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PACKAGE package_name IS|AS [Public type and item declarations] [Subprogram specifications] END [package_name];

create or replace package pack_op is procedure pro_print_ename(id number); procedure pro_print_sal(id number); function fun_re_date(id number) return date; end;

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PACKAGE BODY package_name IS|AS [Public type and item declarations] [Subprogram bodies] [BEGIN Initialization_statements] END [package_name];

create or replace package body pack_op is procedure pro_print_ename(id number) is name emp.ename%type; begin select ename into name from emp where empno=id; dbms_output.put_line('职员姓名'||name); end pro_print_ename; procedure pro_print_sal(id number) is salary emp.sal%type; begin select sal into salary from emp where empno=id; dbms_output.put_line('职员工资'||salary); end pro_print_sal; function fun_re_date(id number) return date is bedate emp.hiredate%type; begin select hiredate into bedate from emp where empno=id; return bedate; end fun_re_date; end pack_op;

exec pack_op.pro_print_ename(7900); exec pack_op.pro_print_sal(7900); select pack_op.fun_re_date(7900) from dual;

create or replace package pack_emp is cursor cur_emp return emp%rowtype; procedure pro_cur; end pack_emp;

create or replace package body pack_emp is cursor cur_emp return emp%rowtype is select  from emp; procedure pro_cur is rec_emp emp%rowtype; begin open cur_emp; loop fetch cur_emp into rec_emp; exit when cur_emp%notfound; if rec_emp.sal<1000 then dbms_output.put_line('员工工资'||rec_emp.sal||'，需加倍努力争取提高工资'); elsif rec_emp.sal>=1000 and rec_emp.sal<2000 then dbms_output.put_line('员工工资'||rec_emp.sal||'，工资一般，争取搞个部门经理做做'); else dbms_output.put_line('员工工资'||rec_emp.sal||'，工资不错，争取搞个总经理做做'); end if; end loop; end pro_cur; end pack_emp;

exec pack_emp.pro_cur;

CREATE OR REPLACE package SCOTT.pk_wt is type mytype is ref cursor; procedure p_wt(mycs out mytype); end;
CREATE OR REPLACE package BODY SCOTT.pk_wt is procedure p_wt(mycs out mytype) is r_cur mytype; begin open r_cur for select  from emp; mycs:=r_cur; end p_wt; end pk_wt;

USER_OBJECTS数据字典视图 column object_name format a18 select object_name,object_type from user_objects where object_type in ('PROCEDURE','FUNCTION','PACKAGE','PACKAGE BODY');