swift中的正则表达式小结

private func check(str: String) {
 // 使用正则表达式一定要加try语句
 do {
  // - 1、创建规则
  let pattern = "[1-9][0-9]{4,14}"
  // - 2、创建正则表达式对象
  let regex = try NSRegularExpression(pattern: pattern, options: NSRegularExpressionOptions.CaseInsensitive)
  // - 3、开始匹配
  let res = regex.matchesInString(str, options: NSMatchingOptions(rawValue: 0), range: NSMakeRange(0, str.characters.count))
  // 输出结果
  for checkingRes in res {
   print((str as NSString).substringWithRange(checkingRes.range))
  }
 }
 catch {
  print(error)
 }
}

 // 匹配字符串中所有的符合规则的字符串, 返回匹配到的NSTextCheckingResult数组
      public func matchesInString(string: String, options: NSMatchingOptions, range: NSRange) -> [NSTextCheckingResult]      
      // 按照规则匹配字符串, 返回匹配到的个数
      public func numberOfMatchesInString(string: String, options: NSMatchingOptions, range: NSRange) -> Int
      
      // 按照规则匹配字符串, 返回第一个匹配到的字符串的NSTextCheckingResult
      public func firstMatchInString(string: String, options: NSMatchingOptions, range: NSRange) -> NSTextCheckingResult?
      
      // 按照规则匹配字符串, 返回第一个匹配到的字符串的范围
      public func rangeOfFirstMatchInString(string: String, options: NSMatchingOptions, range: NSRange) -> NSRange

public class NSDataDetector : NSRegularExpression {
 // all instance variables are private
 / NSDataDetector is a specialized subclass of NSRegularExpression. Instead of finding matches to regular expression patterns, it matches items identified by Data Detectors, such as dates, addresses, and URLs. The checkingTypes argument should contain one or more of the types NSTextCheckingTypeDate, NSTextCheckingTypeAddress, NSTextCheckingTypeLink, NSTextCheckingTypePhoneNumber, and NSTextCheckingTypeTransitInformation. The NSTextCheckingResult instances returned will be of the appropriate types from that list.
 /
 public init(types checkingTypes: NSTextCheckingTypes) throws
 public var checkingTypes: NSTextCheckingTypes { get }
}
// 这个是类型选择
 public static var Date: NSTextCheckingType { get } // date/time detection
 public static var Address: NSTextCheckingType { get } // address detection
 public static var Link: NSTextCheckingType { get } // link detection

 /
匹配字符串中的URLS

- parameter str: 要匹配的字符串
/
private func getUrl(str:String) {
 // 创建一个正则表达式对象
 do {
  let dataDetector = try NSDataDetector(types: NSTextCheckingTypes(NSTextCheckingType.Link.rawValue))
  // 匹配字符串，返回结果集
  let res = dataDetector.matchesInString(str, options: NSMatchingOptions(rawValue: 0), range: NSMakeRange(0, str.characters.count))
  // 取出结果
  for checkingRes in res {
   print((str as NSString).substringWithRange(checkingRes.range))
  }
 }
 catch {
  print(error)
 }
}

 /
显示字符中的表情
- parameter str: 匹配字符串
/
private func getEmoji(str:String) {
 let strM = NSMutableAttributedString(string: str)
 do {
  let pattern = "\\[.?\\]"
  let regex = try NSRegularExpression(pattern: pattern, options: NSRegularExpressionOptions.CaseInsensitive)
  let res = regex.matchesInString(str, options: NSMatchingOptions(rawValue: 0), range: NSMakeRange(0, str.characters.count))
  var count = res.count
  // 反向取出文字表情
  while count > 0 {
   let checkingRes = res[--count]
   let tempStr = (str as NSString).substringWithRange(checkingRes.range)
   // 转换字符串到表情
   if let emoticon = EmoticonPackage.emoticonWithStr(tempStr) {
    print(emoticon.chs)
    let attrStr = EmoticonTextAttachment.imageText(emoticon, font: 18)
    strM.replaceCharactersInRange(checkingRes.range, withAttributedString: attrStr)
   }
  }
  print(strM)
  // 替换字符串,显示到label
  emoticonLabel.attributedText = strM
 }
 catch {
  print(error)
 }
}

 /
 只要textStorage中的内容发生变化, 就可以通知layoutManager重新布局
 layoutManager重新布局需要知道绘制到什么地方, 所以layoutManager就会文textContainer绘制的区域
 /
 // 准们用于存储内容的
 // textStorage 中有 layoutManager
 private lazy var textStorage = NSTextStorage()
 // 专门用于管理布局
 // layoutManager 中有 textContainer
 private lazy var layoutManager = NSLayoutManager()
 // 专门用于指定绘制的区域
 private lazy var textContainer = NSTextContainer()
 override init(frame: CGRect) {
   super.init(frame: frame)
   setupSystem()
 }
 required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
   super.init(coder: aDecoder)
   setupSystem()
 }
 private func setupSystem()
 {
   // 1.将layoutManager添加到textStorage
   textStorage.addLayoutManager(layoutManager)
   // 2.将textContainer添加到layoutManager
   layoutManager.addTextContainer(textContainer)
 }
 override func layoutSubviews() {
   super.layoutSubviews()
  // 3.指定区域
   textContainer.size = bounds.size
 }

override var text: String?
  {
  didSet{
 // 1.修改textStorage存储的内容
 textStorage.setAttributedString(NSAttributedString(string: text!))
 // 2.设置textStorage的属性
 textStorage.addAttribute(NSFontAttributeName, value: UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20), range: NSMakeRange(0, text!.characters.count))
 // 3.处理URL
 self.URLRegex()
 // 2.通知layoutManager重新布局
 setNeedsDisplay()
  }
}

 func URLRegex()
 {
  // 1.创建一个正则表达式对象
  do{
   let dataDetector = try NSDataDetector(types: NSTextCheckingTypes(NSTextCheckingType.Link.rawValue))
   let res = dataDetector.matchesInString(textStorage.string, options: NSMatchingOptions(rawValue: 0), range: NSMakeRange(0, textStorage.string.characters.count))
   // 4取出结果
   for checkingRes in res
   {
    let str = (textStorage.string as NSString).substringWithRange(checkingRes.range)
    let tempStr = NSMutableAttributedString(string: str)
//  tempStr.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.redColor(), range: NSMakeRange(0, str.characters.count))
    tempStr.addAttributes([NSFontAttributeName: UIFont.systemFontOfSize(20), NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.redColor()], range: NSMakeRange(0, str.characters.count))
    textStorage.replaceCharactersInRange(checkingRes.range, withAttributedString: tempStr)
   }
  }catch
  {
   print(error)
  }
 }

 // 如果是UILabel调用setNeedsDisplay方法, 系统会促发drawTextInRect
override func drawTextInRect(rect: CGRect) {
 // 重绘
 // 字形 : 理解为一个小的UIView
 /
 第一个参数: 指定绘制的范围
 第二个参数: 指定从什么位置开始绘制
 /
 layoutManager.drawGlyphsForGlyphRange(NSMakeRange(0, text!.characters.count), atPoint: CGPointZero)
}

 override func touchesBegan(touches: Set<UITouch>, withEvent event: UIEvent?) {
 // 1、获取手指点击的位置
 let touch = (touches as NSSet).anyObject()!
 let point = touch.locationInView(touch.view)
 print(point)
 // 2、获取URL区域
 // 注意: 没有办法直接设置UITextRange的范围
 let range = NSMakeRange(10, 20)
 // 只要设置selectedRange, 那么就相当于设置了selectedTextRange
 selectedRange = range
 // 给定指定的range, 返回range对应的字符串的rect
 // 返回数组的原因是因为文字可能换行
 let array = selectionRectsForRange(selectedTextRange!)
 for selectionRect in array {
   if CGRectContainsPoint(selectionRect.rect, point) {
    print("点击了URL")
   }
 }
}