Zend Framework入门教程之Zend_Mail用法示例
本文实例讲述了Zend Framework入门教程之Zend_Mail用法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下
Zend_Mail组件提供了通用化的功能来创建和发送文本。
Zend_Mail通过PHP内建的mail()函数或者直接通过SMTP连接来发送邮件。
一个简单的邮件由收件人、主题、邮件内容以及发件人等内容组成。
步骤如下
1.创建对象
2.设置邮件内容
3.发送
案例
<?php require_once "Zend/Mail.php"; $my_mail = new Zend_Mail(); //创建一个对象 $my_mail->addTo("jiqing9006@126.","jim"); //添加一个收件人 $my_mail->setSubject("Just a test"); //设置主题 $my_mail->setBodyText("Hello Jim!"); //为邮件设置正文内容 $my_mail->setFrom("706507884@qq.","jiqing"); //为邮件设置发件人 echo "邮件设置完毕"; echo "<p>"; echo "邮件收件人为"; $result = $my_mail->getHeaders(); echo $result['To'][0]; echo "<p>"; echo "邮件主题为"; echo $my_mail->getSubject(); echo "<p>"; echo "邮件内容为"; $result = $my_mail->getBodyText(); echo $result->getContent(); echo "<p>"; echo "邮件发件人为"; echo $my_mail->getFrom(); echo "<p>"; $my_mail->send();
结果
邮件设置完毕 邮件收件人为jim 邮件主题为Just a test 邮件内容为Hello Jim! 邮件发件人为706507884@qq.
Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'Zend_Mail_Transport_Exception' with message 'Unable to send mail. mail() [<a href='function.mail'>function.mail</a>]: Failed to connect to mailserver at "localhost" port 25, verify your "SMTP" and "smtp_port" setting in php.ini or use ini_set()' in C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail\Transport\Sendmail.php:137 Stack trace: #0 C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail\Transport\Abstract.php(348): Zend_Mail_Transport_Sendmail->_sendMail() #1 C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail.php(1194): Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract->send(Object(Zend_Mail)) #2 D:\xampp\htdocs\test.php(24): Zend_Mail->send() #3 {main} thrown in C:\zend\library\Zend\Mail\Transport\Sendmail.php on line 137
点评
这里执行不能成功,是因为没有配置好Mail服务器。
源码分析
<?php / Zend Framework LICENSE This source file is subject to the new BSD license that is bundled with this package in the file LICENSE.txt. It is also available through the world-wide-web at this URL: http://framework.zend./license/new-bsd If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email to license@zend. so we can send you a copy immediately. @category Zend @package Zend_Mail @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://.zend.) @license http://framework.zend./license/new-bsd New BSD License @version $Id: Mail.php 24593 2012-01-05 20:35:02Z matthew $ / / @see Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Transport/Abstract.php'; / @see Zend_Mime / require_once 'Zend/Mime.php'; / @see Zend_Mime_Message / require_once 'Zend/Mime/Message.php'; / @see Zend_Mime_Part / require_once 'Zend/Mime/Part.php'; / Class for sending an email. @category Zend @package Zend_Mail @copyright Copyright (c) 2005-2012 Zend Technologies USA Inc. (http://.zend.) @license http://framework.zend./license/new-bsd New BSD License / class Zend_Mail extends Zend_Mime_Message { /#@+ @aess protected / / @var Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract @static / protected static $_defaultTransport = null; / @var array @static / protected static $_defaultFrom; / @var array @static / protected static $_defaultReplyTo; / Mail character set @var string / protected $_charset = 'iso-8859-1'; / Mail headers @var array / protected $_headers = array(); / Encoding of Mail headers @var string / protected $_headerEncoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE; / From: address @var string / protected $_from = null; / To: addresses @var array / protected $_to = array(); / Array of all recipients @var array / protected $_recipients = array(); / Reply-To header @var string / protected $_replyTo = null; / Return-Path header @var string / protected $_returnPath = null; / Subject: header @var string / protected $_subject = null; / Date: header @var string / protected $_date = null; / Message-ID: header @var string / protected $_messageId = null; / text/plain MIME part @var false|Zend_Mime_Part / protected $_bodyText = false; / text/html MIME part @var false|Zend_Mime_Part / protected $_bodyHtml = false; / MIME boundary string @var string / protected $_mimeBoundary = null; / Content type of the message @var string / protected $_type = null; /#@-/ / Flag: whether or not email has attachments @var boolean / public $hasAttachments = false; / Sets the default mail transport for all following uses of Zend_Mail::send(); @todo Allow passing a string to indicate the transport to load @todo Allow passing in optional options for the transport to load @param Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract $transport / public static function setDefaultTransport(Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract $transport) { self::$_defaultTransport = $transport; } / Gets the default mail transport for all following uses of unittests @todo Allow passing a string to indicate the transport to load @todo Allow passing in optional options for the transport to load / public static function getDefaultTransport() { return self::$_defaultTransport; } / Clear the default transport property / public static function clearDefaultTransport() { self::$_defaultTransport = null; } / Public constructor @param string $charset @return void / public function __construct($charset = null) { if ($charset != null) { $this->_charset = $charset; } } / Return charset string @return string / public function getCharset() { return $this->_charset; } / Set content type Should only be used for manually setting multipart content types. @param string $type Content type @return Zend_Mail Implements fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception for types not supported by Zend_Mime / public function setType($type) { $allowed = array( Zend_Mime::MULTIPART_ALTERNATIVE, Zend_Mime::MULTIPART_MIXED, Zend_Mime::MULTIPART_RELATED, ); if (!in_array($type, $allowed)) { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Invalid content type "' . $type . '"'); } $this->_type = $type; return $this; } / Get content type of the message @return string / public function getType() { return $this->_type; } / Set an arbitrary mime boundary for the message If not set, Zend_Mime will generate one. @param string $boundary @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function setMimeBoundary($boundary) { $this->_mimeBoundary = $boundary; return $this; } / Return the boundary string used for the message @return string / public function getMimeBoundary() { return $this->_mimeBoundary; } / Return encoding of mail headers @deprecated use {@link getHeaderEncoding()} instead @return string / public function getEncodingOfHeaders() { return $this->getHeaderEncoding(); } / Return the encoding of mail headers Either Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE or Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64 @return string / public function getHeaderEncoding() { return $this->_headerEncoding; } / Set the encoding of mail headers @deprecated Use {@link setHeaderEncoding()} instead. @param string $encoding @return Zend_Mail / public function setEncodingOfHeaders($encoding) { return $this->setHeaderEncoding($encoding); } / Set the encoding of mail headers @param string $encoding Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE or Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64 @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function setHeaderEncoding($encoding) { $allowed = array( Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64, Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE ); if (!in_array($encoding, $allowed)) { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Invalid encoding "' . $encoding . '"'); } $this->_headerEncoding = $encoding; return $this; } / Sets the text body for the message. @param string $txt @param string $charset @param string $encoding @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function setBodyText($txt, $charset = null, $encoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE) { if ($charset === null) { $charset = $this->_charset; } $mp = new Zend_Mime_Part($txt); $mp->encoding = $encoding; $mp->type = Zend_Mime::TYPE_TEXT; $mp->disposition = Zend_Mime::DISPOSITION_INLINE; $mp->charset = $charset; $this->_bodyText = $mp; return $this; } / Return text body Zend_Mime_Part or string @param bool textOnly Whether to return just the body text content or the MIME part; defaults to false, the MIME part @return false|Zend_Mime_Part|string / public function getBodyText($textOnly = false) { if ($textOnly && $this->_bodyText) { $body = $this->_bodyText; return $body->getContent(); } return $this->_bodyText; } / Sets the HTML body for the message @param string $html @param string $charset @param string $encoding @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function setBodyHtml($html, $charset = null, $encoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE) { if ($charset === null) { $charset = $this->_charset; } $mp = new Zend_Mime_Part($html); $mp->encoding = $encoding; $mp->type = Zend_Mime::TYPE_HTML; $mp->disposition = Zend_Mime::DISPOSITION_INLINE; $mp->charset = $charset; $this->_bodyHtml = $mp; return $this; } / Return Zend_Mime_Part representing body HTML @param bool $htmlOnly Whether to return the body HTML only, or the MIME part; defaults to false, the MIME part @return false|Zend_Mime_Part|string / public function getBodyHtml($htmlOnly = false) { if ($htmlOnly && $this->_bodyHtml) { $body = $this->_bodyHtml; return $body->getContent(); } return $this->_bodyHtml; } / Adds an existing attachment to the mail message @param Zend_Mime_Part $attachment @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function addAttachment(Zend_Mime_Part $attachment) { $this->addPart($attachment); $this->hasAttachments = true; return $this; } / Creates a Zend_Mime_Part attachment Attachment is automatically added to the mail object after creation. The attachment object is returned to allow for further manipulation. @param string $body @param string $mimeType @param string $disposition @param string $encoding @param string $filename OPTIONAL A filename for the attachment @return Zend_Mime_Part Newly created Zend_Mime_Part object (to allow advanced settings) / public function createAttachment($body, $mimeType = Zend_Mime::TYPE_OCTETSTREAM, $disposition = Zend_Mime::DISPOSITION_ATTACHMENT, $encoding = Zend_Mime::ENCODING_BASE64, $filename = null) { $mp = new Zend_Mime_Part($body); $mp->encoding = $encoding; $mp->type = $mimeType; $mp->disposition = $disposition; $mp->filename = $filename; $this->addAttachment($mp); return $mp; } / Return a count of message parts @return integer / public function getPartCount() { return count($this->_parts); } / Encode header fields Encodes header content aording to RFC1522 if it contains non-printable characters. @param string $value @return string / protected function _encodeHeader($value) { if (Zend_Mime::isPrintable($value) === false) { if ($this->getHeaderEncoding() === Zend_Mime::ENCODING_QUOTEDPRINTABLE) { $value = Zend_Mime::encodeQuotedPrintableHeader($value, $this->getCharset(), Zend_Mime::LINELENGTH, Zend_Mime::LINEEND); } else { $value = Zend_Mime::encodeBase64Header($value, $this->getCharset(), Zend_Mime::LINELENGTH, Zend_Mime::LINEEND); } } return $value; } / Add a header to the message Adds a header to this message. If append is true and the header already exists, raises a flag indicating that the header should be appended. @param string $headerName @param string $value @param bool $append / protected function _storeHeader($headerName, $value, $append = false) { if (isset($this->_headers[$headerName])) { $this->_headers[$headerName][] = $value; } else { $this->_headers[$headerName] = array($value); } if ($append) { $this->_headers[$headerName]['append'] = true; } } / Clear header from the message @param string $headerName @deprecated use public method directly / protected function _clearHeader($headerName) { $this->clearHeader($headerName); } / Helper function for adding a recipient and the corresponding header @param string $headerName @param string $email @param string $name / protected function _addRecipientAndHeader($headerName, $email, $name) { $email = $this->_filterEmail($email); $name = $this->_filterName($name); // prevent duplicates $this->_recipients[$email] = 1; $this->_storeHeader($headerName, $this->_formatAddress($email, $name), true); } / Adds To-header and recipient, $email can be an array, or a single string address @param string|array $email @param string $name @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function addTo($email, $name='') { if (!is_array($email)) { $email = array($name => $email); } foreach ($email as $n => $recipient) { $this->_addRecipientAndHeader('To', $recipient, is_int($n) ? '' : $n); $this->_to[] = $recipient; } return $this; } / Adds Cc-header and recipient, $email can be an array, or a single string address @param string|array $email @param string $name @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function addCc($email, $name='') { if (!is_array($email)) { $email = array($name => $email); } foreach ($email as $n => $recipient) { $this->_addRecipientAndHeader('Cc', $recipient, is_int($n) ? '' : $n); } return $this; } / Adds B recipient, $email can be an array, or a single string address @param string|array $email @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function addB($email) { if (!is_array($email)) { $email = array($email); } foreach ($email as $recipient) { $this->_addRecipientAndHeader('B', $recipient, ''); } return $this; } / Return list of recipient email addresses @return array (of strings) / public function getRecipients() { return array_keys($this->_recipients); } / Clear header from the message @param string $headerName @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent inter / public function clearHeader($headerName) { if (isset($this->_headers[$headerName])){ unset($this->_headers[$headerName]); } return $this; } / Clears list of recipient email addresses @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearRecipients() { $this->_recipients = array(); $this->_to = array(); $this->clearHeader('To'); $this->clearHeader('Cc'); $this->clearHeader('B'); return $this; } / Sets From-header and sender of the message @param string $email @param string $name @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if called subsequent times / public function setFrom($email, $name = null) { if (null !== $this->_from) { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('From Header set twice'); } $email = $this->_filterEmail($email); $name = $this->_filterName($name); $this->_from = $email; $this->_storeHeader('From', $this->_formatAddress($email, $name), true); return $this; } / Set Reply-To Header @param string $email @param string $name @return Zend_Mail @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if called more than one time / public function setReplyTo($email, $name = null) { if (null !== $this->_replyTo) { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Reply-To Header set twice'); } $email = $this->_filterEmail($email); $name = $this->_filterName($name); $this->_replyTo = $email; $this->_storeHeader('Reply-To', $this->_formatAddress($email, $name), true); return $this; } / Returns the sender of the mail @return string / public function getFrom() { return $this->_from; } / Returns the current Reply-To address of the message @return string|null Reply-To address, null when not set / public function getReplyTo() { return $this->_replyTo; } / Clears the sender from the mail @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearFrom() { $this->_from = null; $this->clearHeader('From'); return $this; } / Clears the current Reply-To address from the message @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearReplyTo() { $this->_replyTo = null; $this->clearHeader('Reply-To'); return $this; } / Sets Default From-email and name of the message @param string $email @param string Optional $name @return void / public static function setDefaultFrom($email, $name = null) { self::$_defaultFrom = array('email' => $email, 'name' => $name); } / Returns the default sender of the mail @return null|array Null if none was set. / public static function getDefaultFrom() { return self::$_defaultFrom; } / Clears the default sender from the mail @return void / public static function clearDefaultFrom() { self::$_defaultFrom = null; } / Sets From-name and -email based on the defaults @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function setFromToDefaultFrom() { $from = self::getDefaultFrom(); if($from === null) { require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception( 'No default From Address set to use'); } $this->setFrom($from['email'], $from['name']); return $this; } / Sets Default ReplyTo-address and -name of the message @param string $email @param string Optional $name @return void / public static function setDefaultReplyTo($email, $name = null) { self::$_defaultReplyTo = array('email' => $email, 'name' => $name); } / Returns the default Reply-To Address and Name of the mail @return null|array Null if none was set. / public static function getDefaultReplyTo() { return self::$_defaultReplyTo; } / Clears the default ReplyTo-address and -name from the mail @return void / public static function clearDefaultReplyTo() { self::$_defaultReplyTo = null; } / Sets ReplyTo-name and -email based on the defaults @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function setReplyToFromDefault() { $replyTo = self::getDefaultReplyTo(); if($replyTo === null) { require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception( 'No default Reply-To Address set to use'); } $this->setReplyTo($replyTo['email'], $replyTo['name']); return $this; } / Sets the Return-Path header of the message @param string $email @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if set multiple times / public function setReturnPath($email) { if ($this->_returnPath === null) { $email = $this->_filterEmail($email); $this->_returnPath = $email; $this->_storeHeader('Return-Path', $email, false); } else { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Return-Path Header set twice'); } return $this; } / Returns the current Return-Path address of the message If no Return-Path header is set, returns the value of {@link $_from}. @return string / public function getReturnPath() { if (null !== $this->_returnPath) { return $this->_returnPath; } return $this->_from; } / Clears the current Return-Path address from the message @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearReturnPath() { $this->_returnPath = null; $this->clearHeader('Return-Path'); return $this; } / Sets the subject of the message @param string $subject @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception / public function setSubject($subject) { if ($this->_subject === null) { $subject = $this->_filterOther($subject); $this->_subject = $this->_encodeHeader($subject); $this->_storeHeader('Subject', $this->_subject); } else { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Subject set twice'); } return $this; } / Returns the encoded subject of the message @return string / public function getSubject() { return $this->_subject; } / Clears the encoded subject from the message @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearSubject() { $this->_subject = null; $this->clearHeader('Subject'); return $this; } / Sets Date-header @param timestamp|string|Zend_Date $date @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception if called subsequent times or wrong date format. / public function setDate($date = null) { if ($this->_date === null) { if ($date === null) { $date = date('r'); } else if (is_int($date)) { $date = date('r', $date); } else if (is_string($date)) { $date = strtotime($date); if ($date === false || $date < 0) { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('String representations of Date Header must be ' . 'strtotime()-patible'); } $date = date('r', $date); } else if ($date instanceof Zend_Date) { $date = $date->get(Zend_Date::RFC_2822); } else { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception(__METHOD__ . ' only aepts UNIX timestamps, Zend_Date objects, ' . ' and strtotime()-patible strings'); } $this->_date = $date; $this->_storeHeader('Date', $date); } else { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Date Header set twice'); } return $this; } / Returns the formatted date of the message @return string / public function getDate() { return $this->_date; } / Clears the formatted date from the message @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearDate() { $this->_date = null; $this->clearHeader('Date'); return $this; } / Sets the Message-ID of the message @param boolean|string $id true :Auto false :No set null :No set string:Sets given string (Angle brackets is not necessary) @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception / public function setMessageId($id = true) { if ($id === null || $id === false) { return $this; } elseif ($id === true) { $id = $this->createMessageId(); } if ($this->_messageId === null) { $id = $this->_filterOther($id); $this->_messageId = $id; $this->_storeHeader('Message-Id', '<' . $this->_messageId . '>'); } else { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Message-ID set twice'); } return $this; } / Returns the Message-ID of the message @return string / public function getMessageId() { return $this->_messageId; } / Clears the Message-ID from the message @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function clearMessageId() { $this->_messageId = null; $this->clearHeader('Message-Id'); return $this; } / Creates the Message-ID @return string / public function createMessageId() { $time = time(); if ($this->_from !== null) { $user = $this->_from; } elseif (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'])) { $user = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; } else { $user = getmypid(); } $rand = mt_rand(); if ($this->_recipients !== array()) { $recipient = array_rand($this->_recipients); } else { $recipient = 'unknown'; } if (isset($_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"])) { $hostName = $_SERVER["SERVER_NAME"]; } else { $hostName = php_uname('n'); } return sha1($time . $user . $rand . $recipient) . '@' . $hostName; } / Add a custom header to the message @param string $name @param string $value @param boolean $append @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface @throws Zend_Mail_Exception on attempts to create standard headers / public function addHeader($name, $value, $append = false) { $prohibit = array('to', '', 'b', 'from', 'subject', 'reply-to', 'return-path', 'date', 'message-id', ); if (in_array(strtolower($name), $prohibit)) { / @see Zend_Mail_Exception / require_once 'Zend/Mail/Exception.php'; throw new Zend_Mail_Exception('Cannot set standard header from addHeader()'); } $value = $this->_filterOther($value); $value = $this->_encodeHeader($value); $this->_storeHeader($name, $value, $append); return $this; } / Return mail headers @return void / public function getHeaders() { return $this->_headers; } / Sends this email using the given transport or a previously set DefaultTransport or the internal mail function if no default transport had been set. @param Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract $transport @return Zend_Mail Provides fluent interface / public function send($transport = null) { if ($transport === null) { if (! self::$_defaultTransport instanceof Zend_Mail_Transport_Abstract) { require_once 'Zend/Mail/Transport/Sendmail.php'; $transport = new Zend_Mail_Transport_Sendmail(); } else { $transport = self::$_defaultTransport; } } if ($this->_date === null) { $this->setDate(); } if(null === $this->_from && null !== self::getDefaultFrom()) { $this->setFromToDefaultFrom(); } if(null === $this->_replyTo && null !== self::getDefaultReplyTo()) { $this->setReplyToFromDefault(); } $transport->send($this); return $this; } / Filter of email data @param string $email @return string / protected function _filterEmail($email) { $rule = array("\r" => '', "\n" => '', "\t" => '', '"' => '', ',' => '', '<' => '', '>' => '', ); return strtr($email, $rule); } / Filter of name data @param string $name @return string / protected function _filterName($name) { $rule = array("\r" => '', "\n" => '', "\t" => '', '"' => "'", '<' => '[', '>' => ']', ); return trim(strtr($name, $rule)); } / Filter of other data @param string $data @return string / protected function _filterOther($data) { $rule = array("\r" => '', "\n" => '', "\t" => '', ); return strtr($data, $rule); } / Formats e-mail address @param string $email @param string $name @return string / protected function _formatAddress($email, $name) { if ($name === '' || $name === null || $name === $email) { return $email; } else { $encodedName = $this->_encodeHeader($name); if ($encodedName === $name && strcspn($name, '()<>[]:;@\\,') != strlen($name)) { $format = '"%s" <%s>'; } else { $format = '%s <%s>'; } return sprintf($format, $encodedName, $email); } } }
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