javascript实现弹出层效果
网络编程 2021-07-04 15:02www.168986.cn编程入门
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了javascript实现弹出层效果,文中示例代码介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
弹出层和弹窗相似并不相同;弹窗和弹出层都是由用户触发的显示提示信息的弹出面板;弹窗只是显示一些信息,没有太多的复杂的交互事件;而弹层类似一个整个页面,可以实现页面的所有功能;
现在前端弹层使用的很频繁,如支付宝支付弹层等…所以掌握弹层是一个很重要的技能。如果只是简单的隐藏和切换,就不必说,我要说的html+animate+es6实现弹层;
html弹层结构
<main class="main"> <header class="head flex-center gray-theme">This is Header</header> <section class="body flex-center"> <ul class="btn-list flex-center btn-group"> <li class="btn-box"><span class="btn inline-flex-center" data-position="">上弹层</span></li> <li class="btn-box"><span class="btn inline-flex-center" data-position="right">右弹层</span></li> <li class="btn-box"><span class="btn inline-flex-center" data-position="bottom">下弹层</span></li> <li class="btn-box"><span class="btn inline-flex-center" data-position="left">左弹层</span></li> </ul> </section> <footer class="foot flex-center gray-theme">This is Footer</footer> <!-- popup --> <section class="popup flex-center hide hidden"> <section class="popup-bg"></section> <section class="popup-wrapper"> <header class="title head flex-center"></header> <section class="container body flex-center"></section> <footer class="btn-wrapper foot flex-center"> <ul class="btn-list flex-center"> <li class="btn-box"><span class="btn cancel inline-flex-center">取消</span></li> <li class="btn-box"><span class="btn confirm inline-flex-center">确认</span></li> </ul> </footer> </section> </section> </main>
css代码
@mixin slide-{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } } @keyframes slideTop{ @include slide-; } @-webkit-keyframes slideTop{ @include slide-; } @mixin slide--hide{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); transform: translate3d(0, -400%, 0); } } @keyframes slideTopHide{ @include slide--hide; } @-webkit-keyframes slideTopHide{ @include slide--hide; } @mixin slide-right{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } } @keyframes slideRight{ @include slide-right; } @-webkit-keyframes slideRight{ @include slide-right; } @mixin slide-right-hide{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(400%, 0, 0); } } @keyframes slideRightHide{ @include slide-right-hide; } @-webkit-keyframes slideRightHide{ @include slide-right-hide; } @mixin slide-bottom{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } } @keyframes slideBottom{ @include slide-bottom; } @-webkit-keyframes slideBottom{ @include slide-bottom; } @mixin slide-bottom-hide{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 400%, 0); } } @keyframes slideBottomHide{ @include slide-bottom-hide; } @-webkit-keyframes slideBottomHide{ @include slide-bottom-hide; } @mixin slide-left{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } } @keyframes slideLeft{ @include slide-left; } @-webkit-keyframes slideLeft{ @include slide-left; } @mixin slide-left-hide{ 0%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } 100%{ -webkit-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); -moz-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); -ms-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); -o-transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); transform: translate3d(-400%, 0, 0); } } @keyframes slideLeftHide{ @include slide-left-hide; } @-webkit-keyframes slideLeftHide{ @include slide-left-hide; } @mixin popup-hide{ 0%{ z-index: 99999; opacity: 1; } 100%{ z-index: -1; opacity: 0; } } @keyframes popupHide{ @include popup-hide; } @-webkit-keyframes popupHide{ @include popup-hide; } .popup{ position: fixed; : 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: -1; opacity: 0; .popup-bg{ position: absolute; : 0; left: 0; background: rgba(0,0,0, 0.5); width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: 1; } .popup-wrapper{ position: relative; width: 70%; height: 70%; margin: auto; background: #fff; border-radius: 5%; z-index: 100; } &.hidden{ display: none; } &.show{ z-index: 99999; opacity: 1; &.{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideTop 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideTop 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideTop 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideTop 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideTop 0.6s linear forwards; } } &.right{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideRight 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideRight 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideRight 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideRight 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideRight 0.6s linear forwards; } } &.bottom{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideBottom 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideBottom 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideBottom 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideBottom 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideBottom 0.6s linear forwards; } } &.left{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideLeft 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideLeft 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideLeft 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideLeft 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideLeft 0.6s linear forwards; } } } &.hide{ -webkit-animation: popupHide 0.7s linear forwards; -moz-animation: popupHide 0.7s linear forwards; -ms-animation: popupHide 0.7s linear forwards; -o-animation: popupHide 0.7s linear forwards; animation: popupHide 0.7s linear forwards; &.{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideTopHide 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideTopHide 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideTopHide 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideTopHide 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideTopHide 0.6s linear forwards; } } &.right{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideRightHide 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideRightHide 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideRightHide 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideRightHide 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideRightHide 0.6s linear forwards; } } &.bottom{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideBottomHide 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideBottomHide 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideBottomHide 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideBottomHide 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideBottomHide 0.6s linear forwards; } } &.left{ .popup-wrapper{ -webkit-animation: slideLeftHide 0.6s linear forwards; -moz-animation: slideLeftHide 0.6s linear forwards; -ms-animation: slideLeftHide 0.6s linear forwards; -o-animation: slideLeftHide 0.6s linear forwards; animation: slideLeftHide 0.6s linear forwards; } } } } html, body, .main{ width: 100%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; } .head, .body, .foot{ width: 100%; } .head, .foot{ height: 15%; } .body{ height: 70%; } .gray-theme{ background: #333; color: #fff; } .btn-list{ width: 40%; min-width: 270px; height: 38px; .btn-box{ width: 22%; height: 100%; padding-right: 4%; &:last-child{ padding-right: 0; } } } .btn{ line-height: 1em; width: 100%; height: 100%; border-radius: 10%; font-size: 16px; background: green; color: #ff0; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; cursor: pointer; }
js代码
class PopupComponent { constructor() { this.btnGroupEl = document.getElementsByClassName("btn-group")[0]; this.popupEl = document.getElementsByClassName("popup")[0]; this.popupBGEl = this.popupEl.querySelector(".popup-bg"); this.popupTitleEl = this.popupEl.querySelector(".popup-wrapper .title"); this.popupBodyEl = this.popupEl.querySelector(".popup-wrapper .body"); this.cancelBtnEl = this.popupEl.querySelector(".popup-wrapper .btn.cancel"); this.confirmBtnEl = this.popupEl.querySelector(".popup-wrapper .btn.confirm"); this.popupElClasslist = this.popupEl.classList; this.LEGVALS = ["", "right", "bottom", "left"]; this.detaultPosition = ""; this.position = ""; this.SHOWCLASSNAME = "show"; this.HIDECLASSNAME = "hide"; this.HIDDENCLASSNAME = "hidden"; } / 给弹窗的标题和主体添加内容 @param Object contentObj 传递的对象 / setContentForPopup(contentObj = {'title':'title', 'body': 'body'}) { try{ if (!TB.isObject(contentObj)) { throw new Error("The param of setContentForPopup function error!"); } let value; for (let prop in contentObj) { if (!contentObj.hasOwnProperty(prop)) { continue; } if (prop === 'title') { value = contentObj[prop]; this.popupTitleEl.innerText = value; } if (prop === 'body') { value = contentObj[prop]; this.popupBodyEl.innerText = value; } } } catch (e) { console.log("Popup element is not exist!"); console.error(e); } } / 删除弹窗的类名 @return void / deletePopupPreviousClassName() { if (this.HIDDENCLASSNAME && KB.checkType.isString(this.HIDDENCLASSNAME)) { this.popupElClasslist.remove(this.HIDDENCLASSNAME); } if (this.detaultPosition && KB.checkType.isString(this.detaultPosition)) { this.popupElClasslist.remove(this.detaultPosition); } this.detaultPosition = this.position; } / 弹窗隐藏 @return void / popupHide() { if (this.popupElClasslist.contains(this.SHOWCLASSNAME)) { this.popupElClasslist.remove(this.SHOWCLASSNAME); this.popupElClasslist.add(this.HIDECLASSNAME); } } / 弹窗显示 @return void / popupShow() { this.deletePopupPreviousClassName(); if (this.popupElClasslist.contains(this.HIDECLASSNAME)) { this.popupElClasslist.remove(this.HIDECLASSNAME); this.popupElClasslist.add(this.SHOWCLASSNAME); this.popupElClasslist.add(this.position); } this.setContentForPopup({ 'title': this.position + ' title', 'body': this.position + ' body', }); } / 按钮容器的点击事件 @param Object e 点击的事件event @return void / btnGroupClickEvent(e) { let btnEl = e.target || e.srcElement; if (!TB.isElement(btnEl)) { throw new Error("Get btn element error!"); } this.position = btnEl.getAttribute("data-position"); if (!TB.isString(this.position) || (this.LEGVALS.indexOf(this.position) < 0)) { throw new Error("Can not get position value from btn element!"); } this.popupShow(); } / 给DOM元素添加点击事件 @param Object elem 添加点击事件的dom元素 @param Function fn 触发事件调用的回调函数 / addClickEventFormElem(elem, fn) { TB.addHandler.call(this, elem, 'click', fn, false); } / 初始化函数 @return void / init() { this.addClickEventFormElem(this.btnGroupEl, this.btnGroupClickEvent); this.addClickEventFormElem(this.cancelBtnEl, this.popupHide); this.addClickEventFormElem(this.confirmBtnEl, this.popupHide); } } let popupComponent = new PopupComponent(); popupComponent.init();
TB.addHandler
/ 给DOM元素添加事件 @param void @return callback function 回调函数 / function addHandler(elem, type, callback, useCapture) { var checkType = checkArgumentType(), _document = document, _callback = checkType.isFunction(callback)? callback:function(){}, _self = this; if (!checkType.isElement(elem) || !checkType.isString(type)) { return; } if (_document.addEventListener) { addHandler = function(elem, type, callback, useCapture) { elem.addEventListener(type, function(e) { _callback.call(_self, e); }, useCapture || false); } } else if (_document.attachEvent) { addHandler = function(elem, type, callback, useCapture) { elem.attachEvent("on" + type, function(e){ _callback.apply(_self, [e]); }); } } else { addHandler = function(elem, type, callback, useCapture) { elem["on" + type] = function(e) { _callback.call(_self, e); }; } } addHandler(elem, type, callback, useCapture); }
说一下弹窗的DOM结构
在外层一般是绝对定位,并使用flex布局使得内容居中;它的直接子元素一般有两个,黑色背景层和内容容器;如图所示
样式的动画相信前端的同学一般都知道怎么做;有一点要注意,不要试图使用display来实现动画;
我使用的解决的办法是
动画的显示隐藏使用的z-index和opacity;这样存在开始时,弹窗会缓缓隐藏,那么我们可以用一个类表示display: none;点击显示弹层时,移除该类即可;
对于js没什么好说的,无非是操作类名;有一点要注意事件注册和this的指向;
注意我的addHandler函数,该函数只会判断一次浏览器的环境,不需要反复的判断浏览器的环境;
在btnGroupClickEvent函数中this是指向PopupComponent类,而不是事件的event;所以addHandler函数中保存this的指向,然后使用call或者apply改变this的指向
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持狼蚁SEO。
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